llm
Large language models in general
Topics
- Claude (Anthropic)Claude is Anthropic's family of models, offered through claude.ai, the Claude API, Claude Code, and cloud platforms (Amazon Bedrock, Google Vertex AI, Microsoft Foundry, and Claude Platform on…
- Gemini (Google)Gemini is Google DeepMind's model family, used in the Gemini app, Google products, and through the Gemini API and Vertex AI. Gemini is natively multimodal (text, images, audio, video) and known…
- GPT (OpenAI)OpenAI's GPT models power ChatGPT, Codex, and the OpenAI API. GPT-5 (August 2025) merged the separate GPT and "o-series" reasoning lines into one family. A series of GPT-5.x releases followed…
- Large language modelsA large language model (LLM) is a neural network trained to predict the next token in a sequence of text. Trained on a huge corpus and then tuned to follow instructions, that one skill turns into…
- Open-weight modelsOpen-weight models publish their trained weights, so anyone can download, run, fine-tune, and self-host them. "Open-weight" is more accurate than "open-source": training data and code are usually…
- Reasoning models and extended thinkingReasoning models generate internal reasoning ("thinking") before their final answer. Spending more compute at inference time this way improves results on maths, coding, planning, and multi-step…
- Tokens and context windowsModels read and write tokens, not characters or words. A tokenizer splits text into sub-word pieces from a fixed vocabulary. Everything about using an LLM is measured in tokens: price, speed, rate…
- Training and fine-tuningLLMs are built in stages. Pre-training gives broad knowledge and language skill; post-training turns the result into a helpful, safe assistant. Fine-tuning adapts a trained model further for a…
- TransformersThe transformer is the neural network architecture behind nearly every modern LLM. It was introduced in 2017 for translation and replaced recurrent networks because attention can process a whole…
Sources
- Gemini 4 Argon model page (Gemini API docs)docs · Google · 13 October 2026
- Gemini 4 Argon: Built to solve your hardest problemsarticle · Koray Kavukcuoglu (Google DeepMind) · 13 October 2026
- Muse Wonderarticle · Meta · 12 October 2026
- Troubleshooting thinking (Claude API docs)docs · Anthropic
- Model deprecations (Claude API docs)docs · Anthropic
- Gemini API deprecations (October 2026)docs · Google · 8 October 2026
- Claude Haiku 5.5release · Anthropic · 7 October 2026
- Introducing Mistral Large 4release · Mistral AI · 6 October 2026
- OpenAI API changelog: GPT-6.1 Sol, Agents API computer use, ultrafast tierrelease · OpenAI · 29 September 2026
- Gemini API changelog, September 2026release · Google · 22 September 2026
- Gemini 3.8 Flash model page and pricingdocs · Google · 2026-09
- Qwen3.8-Flash-Next model cardrelease · Alibaba Qwen team · 26 August 2026
- Introducing Muse Spark 1.1article · Meta Superintelligence Labs · 9 July 2026
- DeepSeek V4 Preview Releaserelease · DeepSeek · 24 April 2026
- DeepSeek-V4.1-Flash: Smarter, Faster, More Efficientrelease · DeepSeek · 10 September 2026
- Qwen3.5-397B-A17B model cardrelease · Alibaba Qwen team · 16 February 2026
- The Llama 4 herd: natively multimodal AIrelease · Meta AI · 5 April 2025
- Introducing Mistral 3release · Mistral AI · 2 December 2025
- Introducing GPT-6 Sol and Lunarelease · OpenAI · 2026-09
- Gemma 4 model card (31B instruction-tuned)release · Google DeepMind · 3 April 2026
- Google releases three new Gemini models — but no 3.5 Proarticle · TechCrunch · 21 July 2026
- Google releases Gemini 4 Argon, called its most powerful model yetarticle · TechCrunch · 30 September 2026
- DeepSeek-V4-Pro model cardrelease · DeepSeek · 24 April 2026
- Claude models overviewdocs · Anthropic
- Attention Is All You Needpaper · Vaswani et al. (Google Brain, Google Research) · 12 June 2017